Friction-clutch



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I'. 0. DESCHAMPS. i 1

.FRICTION "GL^UTGH.

10.260.460 Patented July A4:, 1882.

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F. O. DESCHAMPS.

A FRIGTION GLUTGH.-

Patented July 4, 1882.

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UNITED STATESv PATENT OEEICE.l

FRANCIS O. DESCHAMPS, OF PHILADELPHIA', PENNSYLVANIA.

FRICTloN-CLUTCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 260,460, dated July 4,1882.

Application nien october 5,1881.V (No model.)

a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city and county ofPhiladelphia-,in the State of Pennsylvania, haveinvented certain new anduseful Improvements in Friction-Clutches, of which the following is aspecilication, reference beinghad to the annexed drawings, wherein-Figure lis a longitudinal vertical section of my invention. Fig. 2 is ahorizontal `section of the same. Fig. 3 is afront elevation of one ofthe movable friction-shoes. Fig. 4 is a plan of shaft with attached diskand lcomponent parts. Fig. 5 is a plan of my improved friction-clutch orcoupler. Fig. 6 is a transverse vertical section on line as x, Fig. 5.YFig. 7 is a longitudinal vertical section of a modilication of thefriction-clutch or coupler, and Fig. S is a detail transverse sectionot' the same. A

My invention relates to friction-clutches, and has for its object to soconstruct such devices that they are adapted for use as frictionclutchesor as couplers for connecting and disconnecting the adjacent ends of twoaligning shafts.

4My invention accordingly consists of the combination, construction, andarrangement of parts hereinafter described and claimed.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, A

"represents a shaft, and B the clutch-pulley,

loosely mounted thereon, soas to revolve on said shaft when free to doso. l provided with spurs or teeth b for the reception of a chainbelting when it is desired to use the sanne. C represents an annularange projecting from the side b of said pulley. The exterior face, b2,of said an ge is designed toreceive a leather or other belt for drivingthe pulley B. Slch'construction of said pulley permits ofthe use eitherof a driving chain or belt singly, or, if desired, they may both beemployed simultaneously, such use depend-ing upon the' local conditionsand the nature of the mechanism to which the clutch is designed to beapplied.

b3 represents a hub formed on pulley B, and

j c from its base the side b of said pulley is inclineduntil said sidemeets the internal periphery of the iiange C, thereby providing a.

conical side for said pulley.

Said pulley is D isa ring fitting snugly withinthe iiange C, and isretained therein by screws d d. The internal periphery, d', of said ringis made conical or inclinin g inoutline, with its largest diametertoward the pulley side b.

E represents a disk formed on or secured in any suitable manner to shaftA. VThe side c of said disk is hollowed out to conform to the degree ofinclination of the pulley side b, so that the latter and said side cwill contact with each other throughout their entire opposing surfaceswhen caused to do so. The disk E is provided with a hub, e', upon whichare formed v`lugs e2 e3, placed diametrically opposite each otherNasshown.

F F designate the movable friction-clutch or coupling shoes, each one ofwhich consists ot' a semicircular segment recessed at fto pass over thehub e of disk E, and have dovetail or plain slots f into which passtongues e4, formed on disk E. Said tongues act as guides for the shoesor segments F F to move upon.

fzf7B are inclining recesses, formed on the diametrc sides f3 f3 of thesegments or shoes, so that when the latter are placed inposition therespective recesses ff2 in said shoes or segments will thenregister witheach other to forni conical-shaped openings f4 f4. In line with saidopenings are similarly-shaped apertures in disk E, `as shown at e5 e5. y

G G indicate cones placed within the openings f4 e5, and are eachprovided with arod, g, projecting therefrom in line parallellwith shaftA, their ends g g' being threaded to receive the adjusting -nuts gZ g2,as illustrated.l g? g4 are curved recesses or notches formed on rods gg, as shown.

H H are levers pivoted at h in the lugs e2 e3 on hub e. The short arms,h', of said leversjenter openings f5 in shoes or segments F, F, whiletheir long arms, h2, from their contracted portions h3, flare outwardlyfrom the shaft A,

thepassage therethrough of rods g g, and with inclining openings t' t',through which pass the ends h2 h2 of the levers H'H. f

On the hub i? of collar I are riveted or otherwise secured thereto twosprings, K K, in line ends h2 h2 together.

with the rods g g, so that as said collar is moved on shaft A the curvedends k k of said springs will pass successively into and out of therecesses g3 g4 in said rods.

The operation is as follows: Said parts bciug arranged in position, asshown in Figs. l and 2, the clutching` or coupling shoes F F are not inengagement with pulley B, and the latter is free to revolve under theinfluence of a driving chain or belt, as desired. If at any time it isdeemed necessary to slow down or limit the speed of the revolution ofsaid pulley, the collar I is caused to slide in the direction indicatedby arrow i, Fig. 5, by means of the usual'or any desired form ofoperating-handle swiveled to collar I in the customary manner. As thecellarI moves, its inelining openings i i draw the aring leverConsequently the short armsh h of the levers H H spread the shoes FFapart. The sprin gs K K, moving with collar I, have their ends kkpasscdinto the recesses gig3 in rods g g, and canse the latter to be moved indirection of said arrow y until the cones G G contact with the sides ofthe openings f4 in shoes F F, whereupon said movement of collar lissuspended, and, owing to the spreading apart of said shoes by levers H Hand cones G G, said shoes are in frictional contact with the side d orinner periphery of ring D, and thereby effecting therewith a slight orlimited clutch-connection, which results in decreasing the speed ofrotation of the pulley B. Such position of the clutch or coupling shoesis maintained by means of the automatic lock effected by the ends k k ofsprings K K remaining in the recesses g3 of rods or bars g g. A furthermovement of collar I draws the lever ends h2 h2 still closer together,and the ends h h spread the shoes F F still farther apart, while thespringsK K disengage themselves from recesses g3 to pass into recessesg4, to further move the cones G in the direction of said arrow y tocompensate for the additional spreading apart cf the shoes. Suchlnovement is continued until collar I abuts againstr the adjusting-nutsg2 on rods g. The spring ends k 7c, remaining in recesses g, as shown inFig. 5, automatically lock the parts in such described position. TheshoesF then bind tightly against ringD at all points 0n its inclinedsurface d', whereupon, owing to such inclination, the shoes F meanwhilehave operated to draw or move the pulley B slightly forward in directionindicated by said arrow y, to cause its conical side b to impinge orfrictionally engage with the opposin g side cof disk E, thus obtainingtwo surfaces for frictional engagement of the clutch or couplingdevices, thereby resulting in the formation of a very powerful clutch.To release the clutch or coupling connection, the collar I is simplyreversely moved until it arrives at the contracted parts h3 of levers HH.

It will be noticed that the wheel B is not held in place on shaft A bymeans `of collars or screws passing into an annular slot in said shaft,as has heretofore been the usual manner of holding the clutch-pulley onits shaft, such pulley in my ease being retained in position by means ofthe disk E and shoes F F acting in conjunction with the ring D, securedto said pulley, as Shown.

As the impinging and bearing surfaces of the clutch wear, the nuts g2 g2are adj usted to f compensate therefor. When the pulley B and couplingor clutching mechanism are all placed upon one and the same shaft afriction-clutch only isv produced; but when the pulley is secured to oneand the coupling or clutching devices secured to the other of twoaligning shafts, as shown at A A in Fig. 2, a shaft coupler and clutchis effected.

In Fig. 7 I have shown a slight modification in construction of myinvention, wherein the pulley B consists of a ring, B', having the teethb and plane'surface b formed thereon, as shown, and which is secured byscrews n a to a flange, p, on spheroidal shell I. The latter consists oftwo halves designed to be bolted together at p p,'and is rigidly securedto shaft N. The shoes F F are semi-spherical in outline to fit in aglobular chamber within shell I. They are each formed with slots o o,into which pass the small ends of levers H. The latter are pivoted at oo to a sleeve, M, firmly secured to shaft O, and are provided with slotso2 o2, through which pass pins o3 o3, journaled or secured in shoes F,as shown more plainly in Fig. 8.

When collar I is in position shown in Fig. 7 the shoes F F are not inengagement with shell P; hence shaft O revolves independently of shaftN. But when said collar is moved to the right the levers H are drawntogether, whereupon their short ends or arms spread the shoes apart tocause them to frictionally engage with spherical shell l?, whereuponboth shafts N O revolve together. If desired, the ring B may bedispensed with, in which case the device acts only as a shaft-coupler.

What I claim as my` invention is- 1. A clutching clamp or couplingpulley, B, provided with teeth b, designed to receive a drivin g-chain,and formed with an annular flange, C, having an exterior smooth oryunbroken periphery adapted to receive a drivingbelt, whereby said pulleymay be driven by a belt or chain, substantially as set forth.

2. The clutch-pulley B, provided with a ring, D, having inner conicalperiphery, d', in combination with clutching or coupling mechanism,substantially as shown and described.

3. In a frictionclutch or coupler, the combination of the followingelements, viz: a clutch-pulley having a conical side and an attachedring, a disk secured rigidly to the pulley-shaft and provided withmovable clutching-shoes, and mechanism for operating said shoes,substantially as shown and described.

4. The combination of pulley B, ring D, disk E, having hub e', withattached shoes F and levers H, the cones G, with recessed rods g,

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and collar I, provided with springs K K, substantially as shown anddescribed. v

5. In a friction or coupling clutch, the combination,witl1 a pulleyprovided with clutch mechanism from which project notched arms, of asliding collar having springs thereon, the ends of which are designedand adapted to connect with said notched arms to form an automatic lock,substantially as shown and set forth.

6. In combination with pulley B, the disk E, ring D, shoes F, conesG,.having arms g g, provided with adjusting-nuts g2 g2, and collar I,substantially as set forth.

7. In a friction-clutch or coupler, the combination of the followingelements, viz: a clutch or coupling pulley and. a disk or sleeve rigidlysecured tothe driving-shaft, said disk being contained in a chamber orrecess formed in said pulley, and having shoes secured thereto, whichare provided with mechanism, substantially as shown and described, tomove said shoes radially and cause them to contact with the wall orwalls of said chamber or recess to retain said pulley in position on itsshaft, and to form a clutch therefor, substantially asshown and setforth.

8. The shoes F, having slots f f5 and conical recesses f2, substantiallyas and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my band this30th day ot' September, 1881.

FRANCIS O. DESCHAMPS.

Witnesses:

J. DANIEL EBY, VAN WYcK BUDD.

